Statement of purpose Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 11

Statement of purpose - Essay Example This will add onto my competence as a member of the society because the family is the basic unit of the society. Clinically, my pursuit of this program is meant to advance my knowledge of health assessment. Prior studies and internships have underscored to me the need to have the highest level of competence in examining a patient’s medical issue in order to pick on the most suitable intervention that addresses that issue. Additionally, I seek to advance my knowledge of research methods in nursing because I reckon that as a registered nurse, I have a responsibility to generate knowledge, share it with other nurses and contribute to the overall growth and development of the profession of nursing (Codina 266). I seek to pursue this program with an interest of augmenting the skills of identifying and utilizing best practices in my work as a committed registered nurse. The other interest I have in pursuing in this program is to acquire knowledge of managing acute and chronic illnesses. I developed this interest after witnessing how disruptive the effects of such illnesses are to the family. A sizeable portion of scarce family resources goes to the care of chronically ill family members. Besides this economic impact, caregivers of the chronically who lack strong defences can develop depression. My endeavour is to use the knowledge I will get from this course to devise affordable and accessible interventions that can help address the economic, social and psychological toll that acute and chronic illnesses have on both patients and their families (Codina 262). It would be fulfilling to me to see families living happily without being put down by the sickness of one of the members. My value and high esteem for the family unit is one of the things that justify my fitness for the Family Nurse Practitioner program. The clinical hours I have handled in the previous educational levels and in my internships have

Application Of Supercharging To Si Engines

Application Of Supercharging To Si Engines Enhancements in fuel consumption can be achieved through engine downsizing. However, it is essential to provide a corresponding increase in power in order to improve or maintain vehicle performance. This increase can be obtained through supercharging or turbocharging. Supercharging has the most visual impact of any high performance modification. Supercharging or turbocharging may help achieve engine downsizing that reduces relative value of losses at lower engines loads and vehicle weight, thereby decreasing road fuel consumption of a vehicle. By employing the appropriate motor-management, it is also possible to regulate the necessary full-load speed curve [1]. On the other hand, the danger of knocking or mixing auto-ignition restricts the optimum compression ratio established for the best efficiency. Furthermore, the optimum combination of spark advance and combustion ratio needs to be investigated particularly at low engine speed at which knocking often takes part. The driving power demand of a supercharger or the exhaust back pressure exerted by a turbine is likely to compensate for the efficiency benefits from engine downsizing in strong reliance on the system of boost pressure control. In essence, it is important because it allows for the reduction in the engine speed at maximum torque. Thus, such multi-parametric optimization is not generally provided by experiments since the process is too time-consuming and too expensive [2]. The most appropriate way is to simulate a virtual-engine into some basic experiments employed for initial calibration of engine model and eventually for confirming the optimum results by checking the vicinity o f simulation-predicted optimum matching. This simulation offers a useful tool to compare between different boost pressure control factors within rapid or quasi-steady change operation parameters [1]. Toward that end, a supercharger is said to be an air compressor that is extensively used for performing forced induction of an internal combustion engine. Moreover, the higher mass flow-rate The application of supercharging to SI engines offers more oxygen for supporting combustion than the naturally-aspirated engine that lets more amount of fuel to be supplied and more work to be performed per cycle, thereby increasing the overall power output of the engine. In essence, a supercharger is powered mechanically by a gear, belt, chain or shaft attached to the engineà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s crankshaft. A Supercharger can also be powered by an exhaust gas turbine. Furthermore, a turbine-driven supercharger is termed as a turbosupercharger or a turbocharger. And the term supercharging relates to any pump that is driven directly by the engine, as against turbochargers that are driven by the pressure exerted by the exhaust gases [1]. 2. Types of superchargers with respect to the method of compression: Dynamic compressors: Dynamic compressors depend on accelerating the air to high speed and then interchanging that velocity for pressure by slowing down or diffusing. Main types of dynamic compressors are Centrifugal, pressure wave supercharger and multi-stage axial à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬flow. 2.2 Positive displacement: Positive displacement pumps are responsible for delivering a nearly-fixed volume of air per revolution at all speeds. The device separates the air mechanically into distinct parcels to deliver it to the engine mechanically moving the air into the engine gradually. Main kinds of positive-displacement pumps are roots, sliding vane, Wankel engine, scroll-type supercharger, piston, and Lysholm screw [3]. Positive displacement pumps are again categorized into internal and external compression types. Moreover, roots superchargers are mainly external compression only. External compression is for pumps that transfer air at enclosed pressure into the engine. If the engine runs under boost conditions, the pressure at the intake manifold is greater than the one coming from the The application of supercharging to SI engines This results in a backflow originating from the engine into the supercharger until both reach equilibrium. And this backflow actually causes compression of the incoming gas [4]. Internal compression on the other hand refers to the compression of air inside the supercharger itself, which is already at boost level, can be transmitted smoothly to the engine without any backflow occurring. Internal compression is much more efficient and effective than backflow compression and allows for greater efficiency to be obtained. Furthermore, internal compression pumps usually employ a fixed internal compression ratio. That is, when the boost pressure equals the compression pressure in the supercharger, the backflow becomes zero. However, if the boost pressure becomes higher than that compression pressure, backflow may still occur similar to the roots blower [4]. 3. Supercharger drive types: Superchargers are also defined according to their method of drive, i.e. whether turbine or mechanical. 3.1 Exhaust gas turbines: Radial turbine. Axial turbine. 3.2 Mechanical: Belts (Flat belt, V-belt, Synchronous belt). Gear drive. Direct drive. Chain drive. The application of supercharging to SI engines Practical mechanical supercharging pumps are classified into: Sliding vane compressors. Centrifugal compressors. Rotary compressors. Sliding vane compressors and Rotary compressors are the positive displacement compressors. Centrifugal compressors are aerodynamic compressors [5]. Sliding vane compressors consist of deep slots that are cut into the rotor in order to accommodate thin vanes that are free to move radially. The rotor is placed eccentrically in the entire housing. With every rotation of the rotor, the centrifugal forces exerted on the vanes drive them outward against the housing, and divide the crescent-shape space into various compartments. Furthermore, ambient or enclosed air is drawn through the intake port into every compartment with the volume increasing to reach its maximum. Then, the trapped air is compressed whenever the compartment volume reduces, and is further discharged through the outlet port. Moreover, the flow capacity of the sliding vane compressor relies on the maximum induction volume that is determined by the bore of the housing cylinder, rotor length and diameter, number of vanes, eccentricity, and the dimensions of the intake and outlet ports. Also, the actual pressure and flow rate rise at constant speed will decrease due to l eakage, the heat transfer from the vanes and rotors in motion and the stator surfaces will decrease compression efficiency except when cooling is used for removing the thermal energy produced by friction at the vanes, the rotor and the stator [5]. The roots blower is an alternative positive displacement supercharger. It consists of two rotors connected by gears. The working of roots blower follows transmission of air trapped in the recesses between the rotor lobes and the main housing, towards the delivery port without any The application of supercharging to SI engines substantial change in volume. When these recesses open to the delivery ports, as the suction side is closed, the trapped air is compressed by the backflow generated at the higher-pressure delivery line. This sporadic and abrupt delivery generates non-uniform torque on rotor as well as pressure pulses at the delivery line. Moreover, the volumetric efficiency relies on the rotor length, rotational speed, pressure ratio and the running clearances [3]. A performance map of a distinctive small roots blower is demonstrated in Figure [1]. It is almost same as that of the sliding vane compressor. Figure [1]: A performance map of a distinctive small roots blower [3]. Furthermore, the flow rate is dependent on increasing pressure ratio, at constant speed, only via the resulting decrease in volumetric efficiency. In essence, screw compressor need to be precision machines to obtain close tolerance between stationary and rotating elements for acceptable operation. Moreover, they operate at speeds ranging from 3000 rev/min to 30,000 rev/min. Generally, it is essential to cool the rotors internally, and high values of isentropic and volumetric efficiency are claimed [6]. The application of supercharging to SI engines A centrifugal compressor is mainly used to boost inlet air or the mixture density that is coupled with an exhaust-driven turbine within a turbocharger. This compressor is single-stage radial flow device, most suitable for the high mass flow rates at the comparatively low pressure ratios needed by the engine. In order to operate effectively, it should rotate at high angular speed. Therefore, it is better suited to direct coupling to the exhaust-driven turbine of the turbocharger rather than to mechanical coupling via a gearbox to the engine for mechanical supercharging. Essentially, the centrifugal compressor comprises of a stationary inlet casing, a stationary diffuser, a rotating bladed impellor, as well as a volute or collector for bringing the compressed air leaving the diffuser to the engine inlet system [6]. 4. Turbines: The turbocharger turbine is motored by the energy produced at the engine exhaust. The ideal energy consists of the blowdown work transfer generated by expansion of the gas within the cylinder at exhaust valve opening to atmospheric pressure and the work done by the piston that displaces the gases remaining in the cylinder after the blowdown occurs [1]. 5. Supercharging vs. Turbocharging: Similar to a supercharger, the purpose of a turbocharger is to enhance the mass of air inbound to the engine in order to create more power. A turbocharger, however, differs in that the compressor is driven by a turbine powered by the engines own exhaust gases [5]. Positive displacement superchargers absorb as much as one-third of the total crankshaft power driven from the engine, and is most supplications, are less effective than turbochargers. The application of supercharging to SI engines Significantly, in applications for which engine power and response are more crucial than any other factor, like the top-fuel dragsters, positive displacement superchargers are commonly used. The thermal efficiency or fraction of air/fuel energy converted to output power is less in a mechanically-powered supercharger than in a turbocharger, since turbochargers use energy from the exhaust gases that are normally wasted. As a result, both the economy as well as the power of a turbocharged engine is much better than with superchargers [3].

The Global Financial Crisis Essay -- subprime mortgages, Great Recessi

1. Introduction 1.1. Background The Financial crisis was triggered in 2006 when US housing market began to crumble as the housing price reached their highest point after years of speculative price increase; many house owners defaulted on their loans, particularly subprime mortgagers (Archarya et al., 2009). Starting in mid-2007, the outburst of US housing bubble in the subprime mortgage leads to the global financial crisis that has been often so called ‘Great Recession’ (Verick and Islam, 2010). Archarya et al. (2009) states that it is widely agreed that the fundamental cause of this global financial crisis was the credit boom and the housing bubble. While Poole (2010) argued that it is a mistake to only take subprime mortgage issue as a unique reason of the crisis. With regard to the root causes behind the subprime mortgage issue, Verick and Isalam (2010) suggested below four factors that are low interest rate allows banks to search for high yield investment with high risk such as subprime mortgage (Crouhy et al. 2008); global imbalances between US the excessive consumption by depict and China the excessive saving by surplus fuelled the housing bubble and credit boom, it is closely connected with financial crisis (Obstfeld and Rogoff, 2009); misperception the risk of the subprime mortgage defaults; loose financial regulation that failed to control the standards in the mortgage market, and this point is supported by Crotty (2009) that regulators allow banks to hold assets o ff balance sheet without capital requirement to support them. After this introductory section, section 2 discusses the impact of recession on customer behaviour; section 3 presents an analysis on how does the recession affect the companies’ profitabilit... ...une. Available at: http://www.tradewindsnews.com/weekly/w2009-06-26/article200083.ece5 (Assessed on: 30 November 2013) Vaitilingam, R., (2009). Recession Britain: Findings from Economic and Social Research. [Online] Available at: http://www.esrc.ac.uk/_images/Recession_Britain_tcm8-4598.pdf (Assessed on: 24 November 2013) UNCTAD, (2010). Review of World Maritime Transport 2010. [Online] Available at: http://unctad.org/en/docs/rmt2010ch3_en.pdf (Assessed on: 5 December 2013) Verick, S. and Islam, I., (2010). The Great Recession of 2008-2009: Causes, Consequences and Policy Responses. [Online] Available at: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1631069 (Assessed on: 21 November 2013) Yang, D., Liu, M.J. and Shi, X.N., (2011). ‘Verifying Liner Shipping Alliance’s Stability by Applying Core Theory’. Research in Transportation Economics, 32(1), pp. 15-24.

Academic Cause-Effect Paragraph Writing

CAUSE – EFFECT PARAGRAPH VERBS *LEAD TO Lack of vitamin B leads to Beriberi. Carelessness leads to forest fire. *CAUSE Traffic congestion causes stress Family problems cause alcoholism Factories cause air pollution *IS CAUSED BY Stress is caused by traffic congestion. Alcoholism is caused by family problems. Air pollution is caused by factories. *GIVE RISE TO Headphones give rise to deafness. Lack of communication gives rise to divorce. *BRING ABOUT Global warming brings about climate change. Lack of affection brings about injecting heroine among teenagers. *IS DUE TODrought is due to lack of rain. Obesity is due to consuming fast food. *RESULT FROM/STEM FROM/ ARISE FROM Air pollution results from hydrocarbon emission into the air. Sleeplessness stems from stress and addiction to the internet. Erosion arises from heavy rain. *RESULT IN Lack of love results in juvenile crime. Unemployement results in suicides. *CAUSE SOMEONE TO DO SOMETHING The internet has caused people to acc ess information easily. *LEAD SOMEONE TO DO SOMETHING His actions led him to lose his job. *ENABLE SOMEONE TO DO SOMETHING Computerization enables us to cut production costs by half. HELP SOMEONE DO/TO DO SOMETHING Using a computer helps you save/to save your precious time. CONJUNCTIONS Let’s put these ideas into a sentence, using different conjunctions SINCE/ AS/BECAUSE/INASMUCH AS/ON THE GROUNDS THAT (†¦icin) Since he was in a hurry, he took a taxi. FOR (icin) She didn’t go to work yesterday, for she was ill. EFFECT OF Stress is the effect of noise pollution. Brain tumor is the effect of using mobile phones. RESULT OF Environmental pollution is the result of burning plastic bottles. High blood pressure is the result of the excessive use of salt.THEREFORE/SO/THUS/HENCE (bu yuzden) Payment was received two weeks after it was due. Therefore, you will be charged a late fee. CONSEQUENTLY/ AS A CONSEQUENCE / AS A RESULT/ /ACCORDINGLY (sonuc olarak) Our economy was p oor. Consequently, many people were forced to move elsewhere in order to find jobs. DESPITE/IN SPITE OF/REGARDLESS OF/NONWITHSTANDING /FOR ALL (ragmen) Regardless of / Nonwithstanding/ For all/ Despite/ In spite of our request, he didn’t alter his plans.ALTHOUGH/THOUGH/EVEN THOUGH/IN SPITE OF THE FACT THAT/DESPITE THE FACT THAT (ragmen) Although it was dangerous, he decided to do it. Because of stress and addiction to the internet, Due to the heavy fog,Owing to On account of ( Noun/ Noun Phr/ Ving) ,As a result of | people may suffer from imsomnia. the tragic accident occured. sentence| OWING TO ON ACCOUNT OF THE FACT THAT ————- , —————- (-den dolay? DUE TO BECAUSE OF Owing to the fact that communication was so poor, we couldn’t contact you. MOREOVER/FURTHERMORE/ALSO/BESIDES/IN ADDDITION†¦(bunun yan? s? ra) The cameras will deter potential criminals. Moreover, they will help police a great deal when a crime actually is committed. IN ADDITION TO/ BESIDES/AS WELL AS/ APART FROM (ayr? ca, bunun yan? s? a) Apart from his work, his only real interest is baseball. TOPIC SENTENCES The basic/main causes of sleeplessness reasons for| are | stress and internet addiction. | The cause of global warming are greenhouse gases and pollution. The reasons for global warming are the increased volumes of carbon dioxide and other human activities. The reasons why + SENTENCE| are| (Noun/ Noun Phr/ Ving)| The reasons why + SENTENCE| are that | SENTENCE| The reasons why people start smoking are social acceptance and stress.The reasons why people start smoking are that young people are attracted to the ‘image' they associate with smoking and they are under a lot of stress. *BENEFICIAL FOR Watching foreign channels on TV is beneficial for improving your second language. â€Å" *Sleeplessness primarily/basically/mainly stems from stress and internet addiction. *Sleeplessness is primarily/basically/ mainly caused by/ due to stress and internet addiction. Use some of the following structures / connnectors while introducing your supporting ideas and examples Introducing supporting ideas:The first/basic reason is †¦.. The second reason is that †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Another reason for sleeplessness is / is that†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. The reason why people start smoking is social acceptance. The reasons why people start smoking is that young people are attracted to the ‘image' they associate with smoking. GIVING EXAMPLES For example, †¦ To illustrate, †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. For instance, †¦.. In other words,†¦.. †¦ (n) †¦. such as/like †¦. (n)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ That is, †¦. That is to say, †¦.. Namely,†¦. TO SUMMARIZE we use All in all,†¦.. In brief,†¦. In short,†¦. In a nutshell,†¦.. To sum up,†¦.. To summarize,†¦.In conclusion,†¦. To conclude,†¦ Briefly,†¦.. Shortly,†¦.. What are the cau ses of road accidents / watching TV? ROAD ACCIDENTS Having road accidents every day has three main reasons. The major cause of road accidents is careless drivers who are responsible for the death of other people. By ignoring the rules and drinking on roads, they bring about car crashes and lead innocent people to die deliberately. According to a survey conducted in 2003, 4 out of 10 people in the U. S. A. passed away due to road accidents. Furthermore, weather conditions sometimes give rise to road accidents.That is to say, when roads are wet or icy, it is hard to control cars. Hence, it is required to check the weather conditions before driving and take some necessary precautions for our safety. Another cause of road accidents is that there are too many cars on roads. In our modern world, every family member has a car; therefore, it is inevitable to have heavy traffic in metropolitans. In other words, the fact that families have more than one car causes trafic jam . This chaos lead s people to have both physical and mental problems.That is, it is so easy to have car accidents if there are millions of cars on roads. All in all, lack of consciousness, unsuitable weather conditions and excessive number of cars are responsible for road accidents. TV Watching television is a good way of improving one’s English for several reasons . First of all, one can learn new words by watching broadcasts on TV. News is a good source of picking up new words about current events and world issues. In this way, foreign channel viewers can hear authentic English full of useful words. Secondly, by following episodes such as Lost†, â€Å"Prison Break†, and â€Å"The Simpsons†, one can learn daily expressions which are commonly used in daily English. Finally, while watching TV, it is possible to improve one’ s listening skills. Although one may not understand everything on TV, one can get familiar with the sounds of English and the pronunciation of wor ds. Besides, the more one listens to English, the more one understands. Therefore, it will be good practice to listen to songs on MTV or Number 1 TV where hundreds of songs appear a day. In short, TV enables learners of English to better their English in an enjoyable way.

Bad Credit Can Hurt Your Job Seekers

Monica Cotallat, Hudson Community College Professor Sakina Laksimi-Morrow English 102 March 17, 2013 BAD CREDIT CAN HURT JOB SEEKERS I am a student majoring in Graphic/Web Design. This is my 4th semester at Hudson Community College. A large number of employers use credit checks to make employee selections. A study made by the Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) in 2010 reported that 47 percent of respondents only use credit background checks for job applicants in certain types of positions, for example, positions with fiduciary and financial responsibilities (SHRM, 2010).Thirteen percent of those surveyed conducted credit checks on all candidates while 40 percent in the SHRM study reported that they did not utilize credit checks on any job candidates (SHRM, 2010). Almost half of employers are running credit checks. What are they looking for? Is it an invasion of privacy? Is it fair? What can be done about? Are people with a blemished financial past scarred for life? The purp ose of my paper is to understand why this is happening, examine its reasons and what one can do to help themselves in a competitive work force.There is an array of tools employers use to examine and decide on job applicants and employee job promotions. Typically they will contact references, verify educational and/or professional history, request a criminal history report and in certain situations obtain an individual’s credit history. For some this can create a barrier in the search for employment. A study made by the Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) in 2010 reported that 47 percent of respondents only use credit background checks for job applicants in certain types of positions, for example, positions with fiduciary and financial responsibilities (SHRM, 2010).Thirteen percent of those surveyed conducted credit checks on all candidates while 40 percent in the SHRM study reported that they did not utilize credit checks on any job candidates (SHRM, 2010). This show ing almost half of employers are using credit checks on job applicants which economic downturn has made it harder for some people to get a job due to bad credit. It’s a catch 22. You need a job to pay your debit down but because of your bad credit you can’t land a job. There is also the question of invasion of privacy.Many job applicants have concerns with employers asking questions or requesting an explanation on why they are behind on their bills. Whether tarnished credit is due to medical bills or a messy divorce is it really necessary to explain personal matters to an employer? Is this a violation of rights? From my readings it appears NOT to being a violation. Under the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA), employers are allowed to obtain and use employee’s credit report. However there are guidelines for requesting this information.An employer must inform the applicant about checking into their background and the applicant must sign giving permission to the emp loyer to access the credit/background check. One has the right to refuse such a background check but most likely a spot for candidacy will go out the window. Employers use it as a measure of character. Poor credit history may cause a potential boss to question your dependability, decision making skills, constancy and follow through abilities. Also presumably this helps employers prevent theft or embezzlement for fear of lawsuits.However, there is no concrete evidence connecting people’s credit histories to their on the job performance or productivity. In 2010, Eric Rosenberg, director of state government relations for Trans Union, one of the country’s largest reporting companies told Oregon legislators â€Å"At this point we don’t have any research to show any statistical correlation between what’s in somebody’s credit report and their job performance or their likelihood to commit fraud. † Oregon since then is one of 7 states who had passed a bill prohibiting/limiting the use of credit histories in job screening with certain exceptions.Other states who share this law are: Washington, Connecticut, Hawaii, Illinois, California and Maryland. But some of the laws still need reinforcement and exemptions slimmed. For example Illinois allows employers to continue to do credit checks on managers and minor retails workers. Sixteen other states are considering legislation to limit employer use of credit checks: Georgia, Indiana, Louisiana, Michigan, Missouri, Minnesota, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Vermont, Wisconsin and District of Columbia.While these states propose limiting the use of credit check none of the statutes imposes an out right ban. Besides the question of violation rights there is also the question of discrimination. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission says, â€Å"Employer credit checks are legal, but can be discriminatory if they disproportionately exclude minorities, women or people older than 40 and are not essential to a hiring decision. A 2007 report conducted by the Federal Reserve Board found out that African-American and Hispanics had considerably lower credit scores than non-Hispanics whites. The last 10 years attractive lending schemes zeroed in on communities of color who lacked in wealth and assets. During the housing boom, minority borrowers were lured into subprime (high interest) loans when in reality they qualified for prime loans. In result after the crash, African Americans, Latinos and Asian-Americans lost half of their family wealth. Employment credit checks are hitting these families hard.This is why organizations like the Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights, National Council of La Raza and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) have publicly opposed the use of employment credit checks. Another factor is age discrimination. Perhaps an elderly person carries poor credit due to medical bills. As I mentioned earlier, it can be an invasion of privacy by feeling obligated to explain reasons for unpaid bills but to explain bills due to health issues can make the job seeker uncomfortable discussing personal medical histories.This brings fear of losing a job opportunity to a younger, healthier credit worthy applicant. Contrary to Americas strong belief in a right to privacy of their medical histories and an amended act in 2003 to the Fair Credit Reporting Act that requires medical debt to be masked on credit reports and the Americans with Disability Act, which prohibits employers from inquiring about medical history prior to making a job offer. Courts have recognized the discriminatory impact of employment credit screening.The Department of Labor won a verdict against Bank of America stemming in part from the bank’s use of credit checks to hire entry-level employees, which had a discriminatory impact on African-Americans. The country’s challenges with con stant layoffs and mortgage foreclosures leave many Americans struggling with maintaining healthy credit. As of April 2010, one-quarter of U. S. consumers, nearly 43. 4 million people, had poor credit. These people should not be omitted from the chance of recovery. Laws need to be tightened and screening should only be applied depending on the nature of the job.Even if hired with a less than desirable or acceptable credit post-employment credit checks can be used to facilitate promotions and transfers. If one has signed the credit consent document when started employment, the employer does not need your signature again. As per the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), if an employer denies you employment or promotion due to credit they must give you a copy of the report used to determine your worthiness and a document called A Summary of Your Rights Under the Fair Credit Reporting Act before taking adverse action.Of course for companies to be forth coming is different story. They can easil y say they opted for a different more qualified candidate. Nevertheless, I have listed below steps and tips to help with the job application and interview process. Until those states without credit screening laws pass a bill to protect job seekers we must learn to deal with the issue and voice our rights. †¢ Request your report from the three reporting agencies: Experian, TransUnion and Equifax. You may request a free annual credit report by visiting www. nnualcreditreport. com or you may call 1-877-322-8228. Review your credit report to ensure its error free. Dispute any errors if found. It takes seven years to remove negative credit off your report but to improve a credit score the sooner you start improvement immediately shows. This is a good way to sell your self to employers as you can promote yourself as one who is aware of mistake and imperfection but you have taken steps to rectify and reestablish yourself. †¢ Do not be afraid to confess immediately.Not as quickly as stating it in your cover letter but when meeting face to face. This may eliminate you from consideration but in early process the company is still looking for reasons to eliminate candidates. Better to be forthcoming in the front to avoid 5 interviews down the road and having to hit that credit history bump. †¢ If you avoid mentioning early regarding your credit usually one knows the final stages of the interviewing process. At this point inform them about your credit. Most people do not like surprises especially companies ready to make an offer.This will add value and removes the surprise. †¢ Also how you address it influences how the information will be received. The bigger the deal you make of it, the more attention they’ll give it. Share the information with a smile and positive outlook off-handedly. You are communicating that it’s no big deal. May use this approach for example â€Å"I wanted to let you know that during my time unemployed I was juggli ng my bills and ruined my credit. Since you will be running a credit check I wanted to alert you. Will my temporary bad credit be an issue? In short words you have given them the â€Å"why† which would have put them on edge and eased them with the problem being â€Å"temporary†. In my opinion if credit screenings for employment is a must then only allow looking partial history. Perhaps just for the last 12 months. Companies should only be allowed to view history once at the hiring point and not during the life of the employed at the company. If a position is rejected to a candidate for credit reasons the company must be required to confess this to the unemployed.This gives the job seeker awareness to the issue. Fraud happens often in many institutions. Just because one hold bad credit does not make them a poor employee. In turn they maybe a superior employee as they need and value their job which helps pay their debit. Chris Ball, operations manager for the Jackson, Mi ss. , branch of Express Employment Professionals said â€Å"he understands that hiring managers who use credit scores are trying to protect their companies from people who might be desperate and turn to embezzlement or theft to cover their bills. But he also says he’s not sure that using credit reports is all that useful: â€Å"In this day and age, it’s hard to find anyone with perfect credit† I completely agree with the above statement. We have done just fine with regular criminal background checks. I do not find the need to also use credit screening with the exception of finical institutions. I ask the question â€Å"Did Bernie Madoff have bad credit? Surely not but was he not responsible for the largest financial fraud in U. S. history? Did someone run a credit background check on him? † I am sure NASDAQ did but did this prevent embezzlement?

Citing Daily Writing Tips

Citing Daily Writing Tips Citing Daily Writing Tips Citing Daily Writing Tips By Maeve Maddox It is a source of satisfaction to me that the articles on the Daily Writing Tips site are often cited in bibliographies. Because the articles are accessed long after their original publication dates, I’m extremely grateful when readers browsing past articles call my attention to typos in any of the archived posts, so they may be corrected. Occasionally, a student will ask me how to cite one of our articles. This is the format I’ve been recommending, based on my copy of the MLA Handbook (6th edition): Maddox, Maeve. â€Å"When Words Collide.†Ã‚  DailyWritingTips.com/. 24 May 2011. Accessed January 3, 2013 https://www.dailywritingtips.com/when-words-collide/ Nichol, Mark. â€Å"20 Types and Forms of Humor.† DailyWritingTips.com/. 24 November 2011. Accessed 25 July 2014 https://www.dailywritingtips.com/20-types-and-forms-of-humor/ Since the publication of the 6th edition of the Handbook, MLA has lifted the necessity to include the URL. The reasoning is that Web addresses are not static, and documents sometimes appear in multiple locations. Thanks to Internet Search Engines, most readers can find electronic sources by means of title or author searches. An entry without the URL would look like this: Maddox, Maeve. â€Å"When Words Collide.†Ã‚  DailyWritingTips.com/. 24 May 2011. Accessed January 3, 2013. Note: Some instructors or editors still ask that the URL be included. The â€Å"access date† is the date that the reader found the article on the Web. Because URLs change and documents vanish, the researcher would be wise to print the article or save it as a Web page. Dates of publication do not appear with the individual DWT posts, but they can be found in the Archives. A quick way to find the date of the article you want is to go to the Archives page and type one or two of the words in the title in the browser â€Å"Find† feature. For example, if you want to find the date of the article titled â€Å"Let the Word Do the Work,† click on the word Archives in the DWT menu at the top of the page. Then, under Edit in the browser, click on Find. In the box that appears, type the words â€Å"let the word.† Scroll down the page until you find the highlighted words in the title. This particular article appears under the date â€Å"May 2007†: May 2007 31: Contractions 31: Audience is Everything 30: Let the Word Do the Work The number in front of the title is the date of publication. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:What Does [sic] Mean?Awoken or Awakened?"To Tide You Over"

Workplace by Freud Essays

Workplace by Freud Essays Workplace by Freud Essay Workplace by Freud Essay Many of us take for granted the theories of Sigmund Freud as applied in working place since his theories are known for its intricacy and ambiguity. However, it is important to know that after several experiments, it was found that Freuds theory might be applied in working place.Psychodynamic theory concerns the cognitive faculty and emotional processes of an individual. One aspect of this theory that is significant is the use of unconscious symbols. In this concept, each individual is said to have its own prototype or representation. These representations are said to affect all inter relationship of a person. Thus, as applied in a working place, if a Manager ascribe to an individual that he is hardworking, the Manager would know what responsibilities he would assign and what to expect in his work performance.Another assertion of Freud that may be applied in the work place is his statement that a childhood has an important role in the composition of an individuals psyche. Thus, applyi ng this principle in the work place, cultivating a good working attitude in each and every employee in the working place would develop them to a more efficient and effective employee.Going further, the theory of neurotic compulsivity and obsessive behavior also finds its place in the working environment. This concept is best manifested in people who are workaholic. A person who is workaholic tends to think all of the time about their work. Accordingly, with more motivation and correct guidance extended to people who are suffering this kind of behavior would be transformed from a troublesome employee to a possible productive one.In sum, though these theories may not be best suited if applied in working environment, it is important to remember that in the hierarchy of each business organization, observation of the inter actions and relationship is important in creating a happy  Ã‚   environment. Ultimately, psychic awareness is the beginning of healthy working place.

6 Steps to Finding a Second Job

6 Steps to Finding a Second Job Need a second job? The first thing you’ll need to do is figure out what kind of second job most suits you- do you want to work for someone else, or are you better off working towards starting a small business or trying self-employment? Then, think about your schedule. Most second jobs will choose you depending on the flexibility (or inflexibility) of the hours you have available. Do you need benefits? Is this a temporary solution? Or do you want a long-term gig? Figure out what sort of thing you’re looking for, then follow these easy tips towards finding yourself that extra paycheck. 1. Narrow your searches.Search parameters can be incredibly helpful when looking  for second jobs in particular, as you can select keywords that are deal-breakers for you, like â€Å"weekend† â€Å"evening† â€Å"freelance† â€Å"telecommute† â€Å"part-time† etc. and really narrow the field.2. Look for online gigs.Try looking for online jobs where you c an work from home- often in your pajamas- and still, supplement your income. Be careful to find the legitimate opportunities out there among the scams. Try online tutoring, or freelance writing, or even start an Etsy shop to sell your crafts.3. Go in person.If you’re looking for a second job in a restaurant or store or hotel, then going in person with a resume and a professional demeanor might just get you through the door. Make sure not to show up at the busiest times of day so you can actually get yourself noticed.4. Use your contacts.You’ve built a network for a reason. Use it. Put out feelers telling your contacts you’re looking to pick up a little extra work. You never know what you might turn up. Besides, they might come up with more unique opportunities than you could dredge up yourself. Try for something exciting or challenging or different to shake things up!5. Be upfront.Make it clear to your potential new employer that this would be your second job. T his is the best policy honesty-wise, but also will ensure that they are more understanding about your scheduling needs.6. Consider caregiving.Caregiver jobs are at an all-time high as far as demand is concerned. Whether you’re caring for pets or children or the elderly and infirm, there’s probably a gig out there that would work for you- and really help a family out when they most need it.

Efficient Market Theory & Behavioural Finance with regard to Financial Essay

Efficient Market Theory & Behavioural Finance with regard to Financial Crisis 2007-2010 - Essay Example Behavioural Finance is a blend of psychology with finance, a contribution by Psychologists Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, along with Richard Thaler, a University of Chicago professor and his colleague Nicholas Barberis. Their works have encouraged many scholars to pursue research in this unusual and different-from-classical-approach field. In this paper, there is the analyses of the two theories, the causes of the Financial Crisis and if EMH has direct implications in it. There is an explanation how behavioural finance can explain the anomalies which have persisted too long to lead to this crisis situation. Analysis Efficient Market Hypothesis A market is efficient with respect to the available information set if the market prices fully reflect that information (Fama, 1970, p.383). Therefore, in an efficient market it is impossible for investors and portfolio managers to earn excess returns by holding a portfolio of randomly selected stocks with comparable risks. The efficient mar ket hypothesis is based on the Random Walk Hypothesis, which states that the changes in a stock’s price are a random departure from its previous price. The set of assumptions, which imply an efficient capital market, are: 1. A large number of profit-maximizing investors analyze and value the security independently of each other. 2. New information regarding a security comes in a random manner. 3. The investors adjust security prices quickly to reflect the new information. Efficient Market Hypothesis has three forms- Weak form Efficiency, Semi strong form Efficiency and Strong form Efficiency. In the Weak form efficiency, historical prices are irrelevant in predicting future prices and therefore, cannot earn excess returns from the investment strategies based on historical data. In Semi strong form efficiency, share prices quickly reflect the publicly available information in an unbiased manner; therefore, it is impossible to earn excess returns from fundamental analysis or te chnical analysis. In strong-form efficiency, share prices reflect both public and private information and it is impossible to earn excess return, provided there are no barriers for private information to become public. The idea behind EMH, which is very simple, is that the competition enforces revenues and costs to come into equilibrium, new entry eliminates the excessive profits, if any, and the asset prices are a function of flow of information to the financial markets (Ball, 2009, p.9). Evidence in Support of EMH: Eugene Fama conducted the strong-form tests to know whether the investors had any monopolistic access to the information relevant to the security’s price (Fama, 1970, p.383). In 1991, Fama gave his second review of EMH in which he found that instead of weak-form tests, the first category now covers more areas of tests for return predictability (Sewell, 2011, p.5). In his third review, Fama concluded that market efficiency survives the challenge from the literatur e on the long-term anomalies (Fama, 1998, p.283). In his paper â€Å"The Efficient Market Hypothesis and its Critics†, Malkiel examines the criticism of EMH and concludes that the capital markets are efficient and less predictable (Malkiel, 2003, p.77). In Figure 1 Malkiel has calculated the percentage of actively managed funds,

Ethnographic Narrative Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ethnographic Narrative - Essay Example In 1990, my minister father along with his wife and six children emigrated from Malawi. As one of their children, I have lived with them in the suburbs of Indiana into my forties, as I am unemployed. My family will be my ethnographic project for African Americans, especially my mother as an unemployed African American woman. My parents struggled to adapt to the US as traditional parents, especially having to raise one American born and six African born children, including myself. Enculturation, education and religion in both the United States and Malawi, are issues that create stress and concern among the immigrated parents, as well as their children. He dà ©cor in the house was of a Victorian nature with a cherry coffee table, pink floral couches, a dining set, a rug, lace doilies and silk floral arrangement that matched the sofa. I was concerned about this when growing up, and especially in my adulthood, as I expected a hint of culture reflected in their home dà ©cor. However, the house always had traditional food, as well as products, mostly from Central Africa. Tea was made in an African manner, meaning that it had a lot of milk and tea leaves. This was indicative of the manner in which most African American immigrants try to blend in with the society but still maintain their traditions (Greenhow, 2010). My mother is very open about the major differences concerned in raising her children in both the United States and Malawi. One of the biggest differences that she experienced had to do with her pregnancy period (Greenhow, 2010). In Malawi, her family and friends would gather and enjoy their time together, but there were no formal parties of this sort in the United States. The baby items that she received for her United States born child included clothes, bottle warmers, diaper bags, carrying packs, and strollers. She never utilized the stroller since back in Africa; she carried her children on her back, not pushing them from one place using a cart as she referred to the stroller. She had the opinion that, unlike back home where concern was more on caring for pregnancy and the mother, in the U.S., more time and money were allocated to acquire items, which were needed by the baby. With her first six children, I included, she felt that the surrounding culture in Africa benefited them mo re, with a native language, Christian values found in school, church and the community. Back, in Africa, not only were we able to make friends rapidly, but parents befriended the other parents and sometimes, they were considered as part of the family (Greenhow, 2010). Here in the United States, my youngest sister, Kate, has gone through a starkly different experience. Before Kindergarten, she only spoke Swahili in the house, watched minimal TV and asked for little. She made her best friends in the church, especially the few that spoke Swahili as she was encouraged by her parents. They had few worries regarding Kate’s interaction with the children that came to our Holiness church. She always emphasized the rest of her children’s strength in their grounding back in Malawi, as well as our strength in numbers. However, as she enters fourth grade, my mother has begun to worry more about her. Being raised almost as an only child because of the new environment she was born in , my mother feels that she possesses a more American outlook towards life. Kate also finds difficultly when socializing compared to us since my parents worry about her safety, when she goes visiting at a friend’s house or playing outside. A good example of a difference between American parents and African parents is their lack of concern for making friends with the parents of their children’s playmates. Kate is also increasingly influenced by fashion trends, unlike us who wear African apparel most of the time. The strength of growing up together is what creates a strong bond between African Americans and their culture (Greenhow, 2010). Therefore, most traditional parents will work hard to

Organizational culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Organizational culture - Essay Example It is very important for an organization to change their cultures from time to time in order to become adaptable to the changing environment of business and to continue operating successfully. An organization that has a culture that is always ready to change experiences ambiguous environment, in such organizations, individuals do not know what kind of changes will take place and when changes will take place. In such conditions, it is very important for the organization to have leaders who can handle the change scenario. It is widely believed that an organization that is following a single culture has higher chances of being successful. Though, it is just a myth, because organizations competing in the 21st century have to change with changes in technology and way things are done. If organizations stick to the same system for a longer period of time, they might not be able to compete with those who are accepting change and operating according to changes in the environment (Cummings 521 &

Industrial Revolution and its Effects on Science Literature review

Industrial Revolution and its Effects on Science - Literature review Example Scientific research leads to the advent of numerous devices like the telephone, phonograph, elevator, ice machine, gasoline-powered cars, and light bulbs, to name a few. In the field of entertainment, new technologies such as the radio and moving pictures became popular. The huge improvements in the process of obtaining and working on raw materials affected primarily metallurgy and chemistry. Applied first in coal mining and textiles, the new techniques, new machines, and new methods rapidly spread into other industrial areas. The application of steam to transportation led to the railroad system, which in turn generated dozens of other technical changes in iron and steel, bridge building, communication and organization ("The Industrial Revolution"). An increase in scientific publications was facilitated by the network of informal societies like the Lunar Society of Birmingham, in which members met to discuss science and its application to manufacturing. Some of these societies published volumes of proceedings and transactions, new inventions, as well as papers about them. Scientific research post-Industrial revolution has also resulted in advancements in chemical and biological warfare as well as in nuclear weaponry. The term Romantic covers most of the music, art, and literature of Western civilization from the nineteenth century.

Gun control Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Gun control - Essay Example This paper will argue that there is a need for national laws regulating the sale of fire arms in gun shows, flea markets, and conventions. The controversy between gun control and gun rights advocates starts with the gun casualty statistics in America. Gun control proponents cite spiraling casualties as the reason for government intervention, while gun rights proponents downplay the carnage. For instance, since the 1990s, statistics compiled that each day in the United States, a person dies by gunshot every eighteen minutes, totaling nearly 30,000 deaths per year: about half of these are suicides, another 11,000 are murders, and about 1,500 are gunshot accidents. (Crooker, p. 1) The Violence Policy Center has reported the following figures on firearms deaths and injuries: Firearms are the second leading cause of traumatic death to a consumer product in the United States and are the second most frequent cause of death overall for Americans ages 15 to 24. Since 1960, more than a million Americans have died in firearm suicide, homiides and unintentional injuries. (cited in Crooker, p. 2) Critics of gun control argue that a rather large empirical literature has failed to establish a consistent, statistically significant link between gun ownership and crime. According to William Shughart, it was even reported that there is a negative relationship (i.e., that gun ownership deters crime), (p. 157) The consensus finding – no statistically significant link – seems consistent with ordinary common sense: Criminals can use guns to prey on law-abiding citizens, but if guns were legal. Law-abiding citizens can also use guns to defend themselves from the criminal elements. It is possible, Harry Wilson (2006) wrote, that all citizens benefit from those who own guns if criminals are deterred because they think a potential victim might be armed. (p. 74) Indeed, there is probably no stopping the individual who is intent upon killing another

Healthcare and Health Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Healthcare and Health Policy - Essay Example Global standards of healthcare quality also helped developing countries offer more healthcare services. For example, several customers from developed countries like the United Kingdom and Canada make use of the healthcare service offered at Indian hospitals. Many Indian hospitals give quality health care services that are of reasonable cost. Circulation of health professionals is considered to be one of the impacts of globalization in healthcare sector. The movement of healthcare professionals is found to be negatively affecting developing countries. Young professionals from developing countries settle in developed countries. Developed countries lack medical healthcare professionals and recruit professionals from developing countries. The movement of professionals is done through international recognition of professional degrees. The movement of patients is a new trend. The trend is termed as medical tourism. Fertility treatment provided in western European countries attracts people from the United States. The fertility treatment in European countries cost only half of the treatment cost in the United States. The Elective surgery is cheaply provided in highly sophisticated Indian hospitals. The cost is only 20% of the cost of the same treatment in the Western countries. National initiatives are preferred over personal i nitiatives these days. For example, Tunisia had organized a conference in 2004 targeting health care purchasers from different countries. Even the purchasers from public systems would be interested in these types of offers as there is a significant reduction in healthcare costs. The same trend can cause several negative impacts. When certain countries offer healthcare facilities to rich foreigners, they ignore the local population who cannot afford the same expense. Local population will not be benefited by the healthcare service if the service is busy serving the foreigners. Developing countries are thus negatively

Gun control Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Gun control - Essay Example This paper will argue that there is a need for national laws regulating the sale of fire arms in gun shows, flea markets, and conventions. The controversy between gun control and gun rights advocates starts with the gun casualty statistics in America. Gun control proponents cite spiraling casualties as the reason for government intervention, while gun rights proponents downplay the carnage. For instance, since the 1990s, statistics compiled that each day in the United States, a person dies by gunshot every eighteen minutes, totaling nearly 30,000 deaths per year: about half of these are suicides, another 11,000 are murders, and about 1,500 are gunshot accidents. (Crooker, p. 1) The Violence Policy Center has reported the following figures on firearms deaths and injuries: Firearms are the second leading cause of traumatic death to a consumer product in the United States and are the second most frequent cause of death overall for Americans ages 15 to 24. Since 1960, more than a million Americans have died in firearm suicide, homiides and unintentional injuries. (cited in Crooker, p. 2) Critics of gun control argue that a rather large empirical literature has failed to establish a consistent, statistically significant link between gun ownership and crime. According to William Shughart, it was even reported that there is a negative relationship (i.e., that gun ownership deters crime), (p. 157) The consensus finding – no statistically significant link – seems consistent with ordinary common sense: Criminals can use guns to prey on law-abiding citizens, but if guns were legal. Law-abiding citizens can also use guns to defend themselves from the criminal elements. It is possible, Harry Wilson (2006) wrote, that all citizens benefit from those who own guns if criminals are deterred because they think a potential victim might be armed. (p. 74) Indeed, there is probably no stopping the individual who is intent upon killing another

Marketing trend (Importance of brand identity) Assignment

Marketing trend (Importance of brand identity) - Assignment Example These brands tend to fill the market, and consumers become aware of their presence (Higham, 2009). They, therefore, tend to become loyal to familiar brands. This paper will examine the effect marketing trends have on external factors of consumer decision making, and the impact of such trends on a consumer’s buying process. Marketing is happening all around the world. It affects the daily decision-making processes of consumers. Some of the external factors are affected by marketing since it is the marketer’s job to try and influence purchasing decisions among consumers. These factors rely solely on the external environment, and what other people perceive of products and their brands. One such factor that affects decision-making is the culture that surrounds every individual (Higham, 2009). One cannot ignore the fact that where people spend most of their time can largely affect purchasing decisions. Despite the marketing trends, people can choose to remain indifferent to some of the products in the market. This may be due to the perception created by their peers. Reference groups, as one might call them, can influence purchasing decisions made on a daily basis (Higham, 2009). Marketing trends are usually out to loosen the cultural hold these perceptions have on consumers. In doing so, consumers are likely to adopt new and different thoughts about the products sold. After realising the market opportunities, marketers are often keen to tell consumers what they want to hear. They traverse the market and give consumers the attention they need. Some of the buying processes are affected by the presence of internal factors. These include the purchase situations that exist among products, and the attitude towards a product. These are often changed and manipulated to suit the immediate environment by marketers when trying to market their products (Higham, 2009). The steps affected most by the trends include perception. Consumers

The Film Jurassic Park | Analysis

The Film Jurassic Park | Analysis Oscar nomination To: Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. The film Jurassic Park has a very captivating plot with a very controversial and strong theme of science versus ethics and is a very strong candidate for an Academy Award and could be nominated for the best film of the year. Jurassic Park is a very deep film, which touches on the morality of scientific discoveries and experiments. It has a really strong theme and message. Jurassic Park is a fantastic film, not just for its thrills and visual effects, but for a plot that is meaningful and entertaining. The main theme, Science versus ethics, is very polemic and not very discussed and touched by the media, making the film even more interesting and captivating. The film does not only entertain the audience but it also makes the viewers think and analyse the ethics behind such a science experiment and discovery. Furthermore the film does not only discuss its theme and makes you think, it also sends a message across successfully: the consequences of the desire of exerting control over nature. As a thriller Steven Spielberg successfully creates suspense making the viewer entertained and thrilled. To create the excruciating suspense required for the plot, Steven Spielberg has used more than just the plot itself but also used effects such as sound, different type of shots and angles, colours and light, which all contributed to build up the tension of the movie. Steven Spielberg has shown in earlier movies directed by him, such as Jaws that he is more than capable of creating suspense and tension in his movies, and with Jurassic Park he proved once again that when it comes to effects he is one step ahead of everyone. The dinosaur, just like the setting, is very realistic, full of details and information, making the movie real and interesting. Even more than a decade later the visual effects remain solidly effective. The sounds used in the film helped to create a suspenseful and adventurous mood across the entire film, making it exiting and not even for a second tedious. The use of light and colours in the movie helps to develop the suspense and mystery already created. In many scenes the light is placed behind the animal or person, creating a silhouette and that creates a mysterious mood, because you can see the person or animal but not clearly. The colours help to create a more realistic scenario, earthy colours such as browns and greens are used often during the film. They also help to expand the mystery of the film as the colours do not give away much information and create an unknown mood of suspense. More over when the director wants the viewer to focus on a specific thing or wants to direct your attention to something he uses bright colours. For example the cars become a focal point and stand out from the setting because of the use of bright colours. The colour of the cars contrasts with the field, making the cars more noticeable. Green is the main colour as it is related to nature. Very often the director uses red details in the scenes, symbo lizing danger, small things such as a scarf that the female main character wears in the beginning of the film or details in the car, creating a mood of danger to the viewers. Moreover, Steven Spielberg also uses different types of shots and camera angles to create the suspense in the film. The shot types and angles, differ from the effects, colours, lights and sounds isnt something that the viewers would pick up on from the first time they watch the movie. Only when one stops to analyse it, does the subconscious pick things up, and without us even noticing it the angles of the camera builds and direct the viewers mood. Steven Spielberg incorporates all types of shots and very successfully creates extremely suspenseful mood in the film. An example of a long shot is when they show the dinosaurs for the first time. The camera shows the setting from far, positioning the characters close to the dinosaur, accentuating and visually stating the size difference between them. The-close up shots and extreme close up shots are used to show details, such as details in the dinosaurs, like its eyes, legs (showing its movement and creating tension), its mouth (creating a fearful mood). The close up shots are also used to create dynamics, for example when the camera zooms in to the big foot print of the Tyrannosaur on the ground full of water and in the water the reflection of the head of one of the characters, again comparing the size of a human to the size of the dinosaur. The use of angles is added to the shots to help to create mood. In Jurassic Park for example, the low angle is often used when shooting a dinosaur. This angle helps to make the dinosaur appear bigger and consequently creating a fearful and scary mood. The eye level from the kids point of view is also used many times throughout the film, making the viewer feel smaller and vulnerable compared with the situation and the dinosaurs, creating a mood of fear and generating suspense. The over the shoulder shots are used to give the viewer the sensation of been present there and been part of the film, making the film even more captivating and entertaining. Steven Spielberg, just like in his previous movies, allows the unknown to build tension and mystery. The movie starts off with an attack, but the trick is, the viewer does not see what has made the, they just know its happening. That builds up tension and curiosity for the viewers. Later on in the film, just before the exposure of the dinosaurs, the main characters are in a car, the woman is wearing a red scarf, symbolizing danger. The guy has seen something and is looking very surprised- the woman hasnt seen it yet and neither have the viewers. The man gently turns the womans head so she can see what he is seeing. The camera focus on the surprised faces but does not reveal what they have seen to the viewer, this builds up tremendous curiosity for the viewers. Then finally, after building up mystery and curiosity, the camera reveal to the viewers what was the cause of the surprise. Another strong element of the film is its characters and the actors who portray them. The characters might not be profoundly deep but their personalities are fully realized thanks not only to the writing, but to the actors who portray them. Joining Goldblum are Sam ONeill as Dr. Alan Grant, Laura Dern as Dr. Ellie Sattler, and Richard Attenborough as park creator John Hammond. Even minor characters are populated with strong actors, including Samuel L. Jackson as a computer guru and Wayne Knight as the villain Newman. No film review or nomination could describe the creativity and effort put in Jurassic Park. The suspense and excitement of the film can only be seen by watching the film. Steven Spielberg successfully put all the elements that makes a good movie together effectively, and the result is a master piece. Steven Spielberg besides making the viewer question the films message of ethics and science also makes the viewer question: how did he do it ? He brought the dream to life and made the film unbelievably real and taking ordinary humans closer to an imaginary world were dinosaurs exist. Even though Jurassic Park isnt a kids movie, it evokes a childlike sense of wonder. However, besides the magical part of the movie linking the viewer with their childhood, Jurassic Park is a serious movie, with a strong message. So for me Jurassic park deserves to be the Movie of the year. Nanook of the north: An overview Nanook of the north: An overview The film â€Å"Nanook of the North† is described as one of the first ever documentaries ever made. The filming of this controversial early documentary took place from August 1920 until August 1921. I find this film highly informative, even though Robert J. Flaherty, the producer and director of this film, altered and staged some things that were quite different in reality, a subject that has brought this film some criticism. For example, Nanooks name was really Allakariallak and his â€Å"family† wasnt really his family. So in a way, they were all actors and actresses in their own right, performing their â€Å"lives during the hunt† in front of the camera. Other things that Flaherty decided to change is that he wanted to document this Inuit â€Å"family† as they were back in the older days. While Allakariallak really hunted with a gun, Flaherty persuaded him to hunt in the same methods used by his ancestors so the viewers of this documentary would witness the lives of the Inuit in the Artic before they were influenced by the Europeans.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  But it was making those criticized changes that made this film so much more informational in a certain sense. Europeans were already pretty familiar with how their society lived, because, well, they were living it. But by making the Inuit individuals in this film portray how they used to live makes the viewers experience a culture as it once was. This film includes demonstrating a variety of the Inuit ways, such as accurately displaying the ancestral customs of how they hunt, fish, and build igloos, while showing how an Inuit family survived their constant battles with nature without the aid of European instruments.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This film, although entertaining and informational as most modern documentaries, makes me ponder and not completely sure of my decision on whether I should consider this film as an official first documentary or not. I believe official documentaries are supposed to portray something in a certain time period given that time, along with explanations of whats happening or has happened and what not. In other words, I think it would have been more completely accurate if Robert J. Flaherty showed how Allakariallak lived for real, giving viewers the idea of an Inuit familys life after European influence, instead of how his recent ancestors lived. The reason why I think this would be that even though the limited technology that was available to him back then would not allow him to film things in a completely detailed and definite way (for example, the igloo had to be constructed in a special way so Flahertys camera could capture everything inside correctly), â€Å"Nanook of the North† was altered in far too many aspects to completely accurately show how the Inuit lived in the early twentieth century, if that was Flahertys goal. It was made in a way as to make it seems that Nanook (Allakariallak)s daily life was so much more harsh than it is in real life. In one of the scenes in the film, he is seen laughing at a phonograph and biting into a record as if the objects were strange and foreign to him, and that he had never seen them before. However, it became known later that not only had Allakariallak seen phonographs before, but he was a frequent visitor to a trading post, and owned a snowmobile. This information about his life raises much controversy over whether this be regarded as a true official documentary or not.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  But on the other hand, as I explained above, this film being altered made it more of a documentary of how the Inuits ancestors used to live and survive in the Artic. It showed how they made their living off the land, hunting seals and walruses with a spear, rope, and other handmade hunting weapons. How they intelligently constructed igloos to sleep in during their hunts, and how amazing it was that so many people could fit into a seemingly tiny kayak. How during their struggles with the long hunt, their stomachs could no longer bear the waiting of nourishment, so they had to eat their fill raw. These, among many other things, did correctly show the more ancient ways of the Inuit, which is likely how the film obtained its success. It showed a different way to address their life, while not as much as a gentle walk in the park as a traditional typical European life, did not fail to show even without words that it was teamwork and the bond of the family that kept ever ything swinging in the right way, even in times where things would get more difficult than they would like.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As for my final opinion on whether â€Å"Nanook of the North† rightly fully earns the title as one of the first developed documentaries, I am still debating this. In a certain sense, as I explained above, it was both accurate about the life of the Inuit and inaccurate about their life at the same time. So I suppose this inspirational story in my opinion as of now, it seemed as if â€Å"Nanook of the North† was more of how a documentary should supposedly be, recording real life, but in a fictitious setting, or in a setting that wasnt true or present at that time. So Im not going to call this an official documentary, but neither am I going to say that its not either. Im going to refer to it as a â€Å"serious Mockumentary†.

A Child Called It Essay -- Child Abuse Essays Papers

A Child Called It As a child Dave Pelzer was brutally beaten and starved by his emotionally unstable, alcoholic mother; a mother who played tortuous, unpredictable games that left one of her sons nearly dead. She no longer considered him a son, but a slave; no longer a boy, but an 'it'. His bed was an old army cot in the basement, his clothes were torn and smelly, and when he was allowed the luxury of food it was scraps from the dogs' bowl. The outside world knew nothing of the nightmare played out behind closed doors. Dave dreamed of finding a family to love him and call him their son. It took years of struggle, deprivation and despair to find his dreams and make something of himself. A Child Called 'It' covers the early years of his life and is an affecting and inspiration memoir of one child's determination to survive. In most of my classes I’ve always heard that your parents are the most important people in your life and I truly believe this. People are affected by everything their parents say and do both in childhood and later on in adulthood. If a child is constantly looked down upon and made to believe that nothing they do is good enough, chances are they will grow up believing this and having low confidence. It is remarkable that a child David’s age fought himself from breaking down, dissolving into tears and giving up hope for a better future. David constantly worked towards or rather survived because of a dream, a dream t hat he was a prince and that every...

Religion and Coming of Age in Olive Ann Burns’ Novel, Cold Sassy Tree E

Religion and Coming of Age in Olive Ann Burns’ Novel, Cold Sassy Tree In the small southern town of Cold Sassy, Georgia, at the turn of the twentieth century, teenage boys had to grow up fast. They were not in any way sheltered from the daily activities of the town. This was especially true for fourteen year old Will Tweedy. Olive Ann Burns’ first, and only completed novel, Cold Sassy Tree, tells of young Will’s coming-of-age. His experiences with religion, progress, and death in Cold Sassy escorted him along the path to manhood. During the early 1900s, the south was full of religious fervor. Most small communities were based around two or three church families. Cold Sassy Tree, which is a recounting of Will’s memories, contains many references to religion and God. Rucker Blakeslee,...

Negotiation Analysis

May 2, 2010 UPS/Teamsters negotiation in 1997 Introduction In 1997 united parcel service and the Teamsters were on table again after 1993’s contract negotiation. It was common since 1980’s that union sent signals to management about large concessions before every negotiation. Union made it clear before the 1997 negotiations started that â€Å"These negotiations are about only one thing and that is making improvements that will give our members the security, opportunities, safety, and standard of living that they deserve† (Witt, Wilson, 1999). In 1996 UPS reported $22. 4 billion of sales. 0 percent of the ground package delivery business was under control of united parcel service. UPS had 185,000 Teamsters employees. Majority of these employees were part timers and other full timers. While reported being a profitable company UPS management said that to stay profitable and beat its competitors they need to negotiate the contract wisely and its employees need to coo perate with them. The emphasis on international business and expedited air shipments was driving the growth of the company. The air side of UPS operates virtually separately than the ground operations. This is where people worked odd hours and had to meet tight operational deadlines. The ground portion also consisted of majority of the part time workers (Budd, 1997). The Teamsters was part of the AFL-CIO. AFL-CIO was a federation consisted of 78 different national and international unions. Overall it had most than 13 million members. Teamster was a big in it as well. It was presenting 1. 4 million members including about 400,000 pensioners both in United States and Canada. Union leaders told its members to be offensive in the negotiation to stay in power. Teamster had many part timers in their membership and these part timers made 57% of the total UPS employees. These part timers had big stakes in this negotiation and were looking forward to get heard in the negotiation. The subcontracting was a big issue for these part timers which also made a big part of the total Teamster labor membership (Bacon, 1997) & (Witt, Wilson, 1999). Analysis At the time of 1997-contract negotiation, democrats were in power. Mr. Clinton was on the president seat. As democrats are seen historically in favor of the unions, teamster could expect government support for sure. The 1997 economy was doing great. It had the great combination of strong growth in domestic product, individual income and very low inflation rate. There was also very low unemployment rate at this time. Economy was expanding in year 1997 since 1991 (USDA, 1997). All this was favoring teamster, which was all ready for the negotiation with UPS. Solid economy meant that UPS was doing great in the business. UPS reported a great sale in year 1996, which was, suppose increase in 1997. Management had no reasons to lay back on employee demands. They were in a good position to be more generous and giving to their employees if they wanted. Low unemployment rates also put UPS in a difficult position. If Teamster wanted to go on strike UPS could have hard time filling all the vacancies. The situation was in great favor of the union side if they wanted to strike (Lecture notes). Initial demands Both sides came with their own plans and claimed their plans to be beneficial to the employees. Both UPS and teamsters saw advantage of controlling the pension funds. Management wanted withdrawal of its contribution to the pension funds. By pulling out of this plan company could be better off financially. It could cost UPS around $700 million in withdraw liability charges. To get out of 31 multiemployer plans. Instead UPS was willing to contribute $1 billion a year to a single-employer plan. UPS wanted the full control of the pension funds. UPS offered to provide a single benefit pension plan to both full and part time employees. Another offer that management made on the table was to create a new company administered health care program. The union administered the current plan and management wanted full control of the program and promised to provide same existing benefits (Bradford, 1997). Union opened with demands that it claimed to be essential for its members. These demand included fair wages and decent pensions plan. At the time full time UPS employees earned $19. 50 per hour and also 410 to $11 per hour in fringes. According to the union management their members deserved to be able to live a decent life. Next union concern was about its part time employees. As more than half of the employee working at UPS was part timers, their voice was also strong in the negotiation demands. Union demanded to make these part timers full timers and provide them same wage rate and full timers. Job security was also an issue that union wanted to be addressed in the negotiation (Bradford, 1997). UPS believed in subcontracted to make company more profitable and union was well aware of this fact. In the previous negotiations UPS had won subcontracting provisions and management wanted to keep this benefit in their plate in this negotiation as well. But, union did not like the way things went in the last negotiation, and this time they wanted to make sure that they do not let management take advantage of subcontracting. Union was very strong on the belief that its members deserved the job security which is only possible by getting rid of the subcontracting. Job safety and health improvements were also great concerns to the union in this negotiation. Union believed that UPS employee get injured more often safety was a big concern. Union believed that present safety programs were not enough. An improvement was definitely needed in this area as well (Schulz, 1997). UPS strategies To prepare for the 1997 negotiation, Teamster started analyzing management previous and up to date negotiation tactics. Management strategies included shift of more workload to lower wage part timers and also expand subcontracting. Even though company was making profit at the moment, company wanted to save money to increase its total profit (Witt, Wilson, 1999). Management proposed little wage increase than in the past negotiations. Starting with lower wage increase could benefit the company in counterbalancing any workers proposal during the negotiations. Division among part timers and full timers could also benefit management as both sides would have different priorities and will benefit management on the negotiations table (Witt, Wilson, 1999). In 1994, when UPS raise the package weight, many reformers wanted to walk out but many old-guard local leaders urged them not to work out. Management believed that same will happen if the members wanted to strike in this negotiation. Management was under impression that if the top union leadership will want to have a strike the old-guard locals will not support it (Witt, Wilson, 1999) & (Bradford, 1997). Union strategies Union was well aware of the fact that membership unity was the key for the success of the negotiation. To build membership unity union wanted to make sure they everyone is on the same page. Union started a yearlong campaign to well prepare for the negotiation table. Before the contract was expired, union took a survey of all its members. The survey wanted everyone of rank his or her priorities of the demands. The very key thing in this survey was that members were also asked about the activities member were willing to participate to help win this negotiation (Witt, Wilson, 1999). At the end of the surveys completion union had a good idea of what its membership wanted and how the things shall be proceed. This step helped union gain its members’ confidence and its members also felt being part of the process. The surveys helped Teamster to talk to their members and encourage them to get involved into contract campaign. Teamster’s main mission was to find a common ground for all its membership (TDU, 2007). Union leaders tried emphasizing on the common interests of both part timers and full timers. Union tried convincing its members that no matter whether they are full timers or part timers, the issues they will be fighting for on the negotiation table will be beneficial to both sides. A better pension plan will benefit full timers as well the part timers as better pension plan will encourage full timers to retire early. Finding this common ground was important for the union, so that it can make management’s strategy of division among full timers and part timers would fail (Witt, Wilson, 1999) & (TDU, 2007). To make its campaign successful teamster focused on building a stronger network among its members. Union tried making as many members possible to get involved in the campaign. Teamsters built a member-to-member network to spread the word about the campaign and to get as many UPS Teamsters involved as possible. Negotiation Table By knowing exactly what its members wanted, teamster started negotiation by being very aggressive about its demands. On the start of the bargaining, UPS opened by asking for huge concessions. It was nothing new for the Union. It was a very commonly used tactic by the management to stat with low offering so teamsters lower their expectations. Management wanted to make sure that it does not end up giving up too much and by making initial offers very low it can change Teamster’s minds to fight for big concessions (TDU, 2007). There were two big issues where both sides fell apart. First issue was the pension plan. As we mentioned earlier both sides was benefits in controlling the pension funds. UPS offered one plan on the negotiation table. Under which the future retirees will get monthly benefits equal to $100 each month for each of the years they have worked for the company. Under this plan a full time employee who would retire after working for 35 years for the company would earn $35,000 each month as their pension. Under this plan part time employees were also eligible for the pension plan. The plan offered part timers half of what was offered the full timers. The previous plan was a multiemployer plan that UPS wanted to get rid of. According to management this new plan would pay employee more than what is being offered under the multiemployer plan. Teamster on the other hand was not willing to change the pension plan. It wanted to keep the multiemployer plan but wanted to improve the multiemployer plan and raise the benefits offered under the plan (Bradford, 1997). Under multiemployer plan UPS was paying for other retirees of Teamster who never worked for UPS. Under multiemployer plan, UPS was subsidizing other companies’ benefits. UPS did not want to do that any longer. As their mission was to increase company profit and stay in the competition, the best alternative for them was to get out of multiemployer plan and take control of the pension funds. In a statement UPS said that it wanted its money to go to only its employees. Another point UPS made was that company will earn a greater investment return on contributions made to a pension plan controlled by company compare to the multiemployer plans (Bradford, 1997)& 15 & (Krause, 1997). Second big issue that made both sides apart was about part time workers. UPS wanted to keep part timers to stay flexible. Part time workers have been part of the company since expedited service has started. Company made an argument that not only part timers let company work be flexible but also short length shifts are less tiring than the full-length shifts. Arguments were being made that it is hard for a person to unload or load a trailer for continuously eight hours. When part timers were very beneficial for the company, Teamster was very well aware of that fact that part timers get paid less and receive less benefits compare to the full timers. UPS wanted to continue its expansion of its part timer work force. Teamsters knew that they had to stop this expansion for its members well being (Krause, 1997) & (Bradford, 1997). Union surveyed many part timers before negotiation started and they found that these part timers did not feel like being important in the company. Many of them were looking for other jobs, as their part time jobs at UPS were not paying enough. Teamsters argued that corporate managers are holding on to the worker’s wages as corporate profits are increasing and executive salaries are also increasing with it. All this is affecting part timer who are facing insecure jobs and a low pay (Grant, 1997). A final offer on July 30th by UPS did not include what teamster was willing to settle for. UPS offered to start providing 200 new full time jobs per year; expansion of subcontracting for the feeder work and it did not include a decent wage increase for the workers. UPS also stood still on its decision of taking full control of the pension funds. On August teamsters decide to go on strike, the strike which changed the history of labor force forever. Teamster Strike From the very beginning, the union’s contract campaign was designed to build a broad public support. This support could help teamsters win a good contract or win in a strike if needed. The campaign held a message that Teamster’s fight is not only about fighting for wages per hour but about the future of good jobs. Teamsters spread its word not only within the US but also many European countries where UPS was planning to expand its business to (Witt, Wilson, 1999). Union kept its position strong on the issues of retirement funds and worker’s health insurance. UPS in its previous negotiations also offered the same pension plan but this time teamsters were not willing to play this game. UPS use to take this offer off the table at the very last minute in return to get union accept other concessions. In the end management asked union for the extension of the agreement but union denied. On August 1997, teamsters went on strike (Witt, Wilson, 1999). Success of Teamsters strike had many reasons behind it. Around the time of the strike UPS owned about 80% of the ground delivery business. Clearly a strike would affect company’s stability and put some economic pressure. UPS was not conglomerate with any company, which could help it get through the strike. UPS workers use to go to each city so it became known very quickly. Another specific incident that helped this strike was that it happened in August when congress was not in session. During this period it was easy for the Teamsters to get all the media attention they needed (Cabell, 1997). UPS strike also got great support from the international unions of UPS in other countries. This involvement raised the public awareness not only in Unites Stated but also all around the world. When employees in U. S. went on strike employees in many other courtiers participated in activities like sick-out or temporary disrupted package deliveries (Budd, 2008 pg 450). At the end of 16-day strike union had a solid victory. Where originally company offered only 1000 full time jobs for the part timers ended up creating 10,000 full time jobs. UPS also agreed on keeping the existing multiemployer pension plan. It was a big victory for Teamsters. Besides winning on the two biggest issues Teamsters also won on others concerning issues. There was $3. 10 an hour wage increase over the course of 5 years contract period for the full timers. UPS originally offered only $1. 50 an hour increase. Part timers also got wage increase more than what company originally has offered. They got $4. 10 per hour wage increase where company originally has offered only $2 an hour. There were also limits on subcontracting on the final contract (Cabell, 1997) & (Schulz, 1997). Summation As we mentioned earlier political, economic environments were in favor of the union. Both sides referred to the previous negotiations and based on that built their tactics for 1997 negotiation. It was a distributive bargaining where both sides wanted to gain as much possible. One could say that union was being selfish on many aspects where it wanted more and more for its members. As it is a case in any distributive bargaining, both sides wanted more in their favor. There was no effort for mutual understanding and finding a common ground. Beside one or two issues almost every other issue could be resolved with little decent effort made by both sides. Both sides had strategies and both sides tried knowing what was going to be on the negotiation table. Based on our above analysis we can say that union was more successful in knowing management strategies and planning ahead for any of the management’s tricks. Union strength was not clear to UPS until it showed it power by pulling out a successful strike. Strike cost UPS millions in lost sales during the strike. Everybody seemed to be having won but UPS. More losses were alarming UPS as many shippers threatened to permanently shift to non-union competitors. Questions arise like what went wrong in this negotiation which leads to strike and whether teamsters were being simple selfish in what they wanted. UPS employees were enjoying relative job security at the time. Also, the turnout rate at UPS was low compare to the industry-wide rate. In many special jobs task managers like first-line managers were being paid the highest wages in the industry. The executives at UPS were not getting paid outrageously (USDA, 1997). Management might not have thought union will be that aggressive as it came out to be. There was a wall, which stopped each side from understanding one another. A good relationship of 82 years was broken with this strike. UPS and Teamsters needed to understand each other’s priorities and strengths. Trying method of interrogative bargaining could help both sides reach to an agreement without strikes and economic losses. In order to accomplish this, both sides must realistically share as much information as they can to understand each other's interest. A key for the Teamsters strike was its successful attempt to mobilize higher ranks. Involvement of the key individuals in favor for the strike was very important part of the successful strike. Next key for the Teamster success was to be able to know the issue that resonates with the general public. It was very important for UPS to know what Teamster’s strength was. Underestimating labor power was a key mistake that the management seemed to have made. Only an open and honest relationship among the management and Teamsters can help avoid strikes in future. References: 1. Witt, Wilson, Matt, Rand. The Teamsters' UPS Strike of 1997: Building a New Labor Movement. † Labor Studies Journal. 24. 1 (1999): 58-72. Web. 22 Apr 2010. http://www. accessmylibrary. com/article-1G1-54517324/teamsters-ups-strike-1997 .html (Pro-union) 2. TDU, â€Å"1997 ups contract: year-long contract campaign key to win†, Teamsters for a Democratic Union. 03-06-2007, Web. 29 Apr 2010. http://www . tdu. org/node/5252 (Pro-union) 3. Cabell, Brian. (1997, August 20). It's official: teamsters end ups strike. Retrieved from http://www. cnn. com/US/9708/20/ups. update. early/ (Neutral) 4. Bacon, David. (1997, August 24). The Ups strike – unions win when they take the offensive. Retrieved from http://dbacon. igc. org/Strikes/07ups. htm (Pro-union) 5. Michael Bradford. (1997,  August). UPS, â€Å"Teamsters boxing on benefits†. Business Insurance,  31(32),  1,25. Retrieved April 29, 2010, Business Insurance v31 p1, august 11, 1997. (Neutral) 6. JOHN D. SCHULZ. (1997, August), ‘Digging In’. Traffic world. V251 p10-13 august 18’97. http://vnweb. hwwilsonweb. com. ezproxy. lib. uwm. edu/hww/results/results_single_fulltext. jhtml;hwwilsonid=KSIR1EBXDQ24PQA3DILSFGOADUNGIIV0 (Neutral) 7. Kristin S. Krause. â€Å"Part-Time and Pensions. Traffic World v251 p11-12 August 11 '97. (Neutral) 8. John D. Schulz. â€Å"Keeping the dream Live,† Traffic World v249 p33 March 17, 1997. (Neutral) 9. John F. Budd. â€Å"What the Teamsters Knew. † Budd Jr. , John F, Initials. (1997, Nov-Dec). What the Teamsters knew. Across the Board, 34(10). (Neutral) 10. GRANT, L. (199 7). ‘How UPS Blew It. † Fortune, 136(6), 29. Retrieved from Master FILE Premier Database. (Pro-management) 11. Henry R Hoke. (1997,  September). â€Å"The UPS strike's winners and losers. †Direct Marketing,  60(5),  80. Retrieved April 29, 2010, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID:  15113521). (Neutral) 12. John J. Schulz. August,1997), Many Winners, One Big Loser. Traffic World v251 p11-12+ August 25 '97. (Pro-union) 13. USDA. The 1997 Economy: An Overview. (1997), Economic research service. Web: http://www. ers. usda. gov/publications/aer780/aer780b. pdf (Neutral) 14. Robert J. Grossman. â€Å"Trying to heal the wounds – human resources management at United Parcel Service of America Inc after a labor strike. † HR Magazine. Apr, 2010. http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m3495/is_n10_v43/ai_21136884/ (Pro-management) 15. Budd, John W. Labor Relations: Striking a Balance, 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill Irwin Publishing: Chicago, 2008. (Neutral)

Neher and Sandin

How does one come to have the character and practical wisdom to know what is ethically required in one's communication with others? In the Navy we have an â€Å"Ethos† and part of it states, â€Å"integrity is the foundation of our conduct, respect for others is fundamental to our character, decisive leadership is crucial to our success†. This mirrors in part with what Newer and Sanding (2007) state, â€Å"the person who has integrity or good character relies on his or her good judgment to act ethically in each given situation†, (p. 7).I don't believe one is born with the traits of a virtuous person, these are learned through the actions of others particularly the parent. â€Å"Set the example and do the right thing even when you think no one is looking', I can't tell you how many times I have uttered these words to my Sailors and my boys. But I know it is my actions that both are scrutinizing. For example, I was once offered to have a course marked as complete by a First Class Petty Officer because he commented on how busy he knew I was and was sure I had employed the course several times during my time in the service.I quickly responded with, â€Å"that it wasn't necessary for him to that and I would complete the course like he and the others in my department had done†. Later he told me he was testing me because he was looking for a mentor. Actions speak volumes for your character. As for the second part of the question, I believe character and practical wisdom are developed through those we Interact with and experiences we have In life.We gain practical wisdom from every situation we are Involved In and how we Andre the situation develops our character In the eyes of those who observe our actions. As Aristotle stated, â€Å"sound, practical wisdom and sound character must always be the gulled In these situations†, (Newer & Sandal, 2007, p. 30).

Researching the marketing mix Essay

In this task, I am going to research the marketing mix and I am going to apply this to The Marketing mix is a general phrase used to describe the different kinds of choices organizations have to make in the whole process of bringing a product or service to market. The 4Ps is the best-known way of defining the marketing mix. The 4ps are: Product- what is sold? Place- where is the product is sold? Price-how much the product costs? Promotion- how a business communicates with its customers Place McDonald’s sell various food and drink products all over the world and will need to use methods to get their goods made available to consumers. McDonald’s use a distribution channel to get their products from the producer to the consumer. Here are the different distribution channels which exist. This is a direct channel between the producer and the consumer. They will deal together without intermediaries involved. This can be beneficial for businesses because it allows a larger proportion of profit and means they can have more control over the marketing of the product. The disadvantage is that the costs will be larger to distribute the products. Retailers such as farm shops and dell use this channel as they sell the products they make directly to the consumer. This is an indirect channel between customer and producer because of the use of a retailer as an intermediary. The producer will distribute their goods to retailers who will then sell the products individually to consumers. Retailers are focused on consumer markets and offer customers advice, convenience, financial assistance and after-sales support. An example of a retailer which uses this channel would be Next. Next will receive their products from their producer and then sell them in store to the consumers. This is an indirect channel between the producer and consumer because a wholesaler is an intermediary in this channel. The producer will supply the wholesaler with a large number of products and then will break the order into smaller quantities to supply to the consumer. The advantage of this is that the consumer can get the goods at a cheaper price because the transport costs are reduced due fewer journeys. The wholesaler makes its profit by buying the product at a cheaper price and adding a profit margin to the price paid by the retailer. Many small businesses such as cafes use this channel as they will get their products supplied by a wholesaler so they can supply the products to consumers. This is a longer indirect channel. There are two intermediaries in this channel which is a wholesaler and a retailer. The producer will supply large quantities to wholesalers who will then break the orders into smaller ones to send out to the retailer who will sell the product directly to the consumer. The retailer will make a profit by charging the consumers more money per unit than what they paid the wholesaler. An example of a retailer which uses this channel is a newsagent. The producers will send bulk orders to wholesalers. The newsagents will then buy the goods to sell in their store from the wholesaler and then sell the products to consumers in store. Product McDonald’s sell fast food and drink products all over the world. McDonald’s will need to continue to create customer interest and satisfy their needs by developing new products and releasing them into the market. For example, McDonald’s recently released their signature collection which was a new set of meals which created customer interest and demand. I will now apply the marketing mix to the McDonalds and using their most well-known McDonalds product which is the Big Mac to show how it is used. The Marketing Mix and the McDonalds Big Mac Product-The Big Mac McDonald’s most well-known burger. The burger is a low budget product. A Big Mac contains to beef burger patties, cheese, salad and a three-part bun. A Big Mac contains around 490 calories. You can also buy a Big Mac meal which comes with a drink and fries. Meals come in medium or large sizes. It is important that McDonald’s have a product like the Big Mac because it gives them a good reputation and image which makes them a successful and well-known brand. Place-The only place a Big Mac can be purchased is at a McDonald’s restaurant. McDonald’s restaurants can be found all over the country, some open 24 hours. There are 1,208 McDonald’s restaurants in the UK and 34,492 worldwide. The benefits of McDonald’s selling the Big Mac only at their stores is that they get all the profit from the product, where if they sold their products at other places they would have less profit. Promotion-McDonalds advertise the Big Mac on T.V, radio, the internet and in magazines. McDonald’s also offer promotions on the Big Mac such as giving away a free Coca-Cola glass with Big Mac meals and offering the chance to win prizes with the Monopoly stickers. Promotion is important for McDonald’s because it gains them more sales which makes them more successful. Price-An individual Big Mac would cost  £2.59 in the UK. A medium Big Mac meal  £4.19 and  £4.59 for a large. The Big Mac costs this much because it is a fast food budget product. It is important that McDonald’s sell the Big Mac at the right price because if it is too high people won’t buy the product and if it’s too low they won’t make a profit. The price is successful because it is relatively cheap and McDonald’s can make a profit out of it.